Kondisi ini mulai semarak pada masa imam mujtahid—karena Islam telah menyebar luas, persoalan semakin komplek, otoritas kenabian tidak ada lagi–pada awal abad ke II Hijrah. Namun demikian, di tengah keragaman pendapat yang disebabkan perbedaan pemahaman dan metodologi yang mereka (baca:imam mujtahid) gunakan tidak sampai menimbulkan konflik di antara mereka. Apalagi menganggap kelompok yang berbeda faham dalam masalah furu’iyah sebagai lawan/musuh atau menuduh sesat.
Suasana di atas berubah sepeninggal para imam mujtahid, dengan munculnya para muqallid (pengikut dan pembela imam mujtahid secara berlebihan) yang menjurus kepada fanatisme mazhab. Mereka tidak lagi melakukan ijtihad, tetapi hanya melakukan syarah (memberi penjelasan), hasyiyah (rincian-rincian), tahzib dan ikhtishar (ringkasan) terhadap hasil ijtihad imam mazhab. Proses tersebut tidak hanya mematikan tradisi intelektual (ijtihad) para ulama saat itu, bahkan sebagian mereka terkesan berlebihan dalam membela dan mempertahankan mazhab yang dianutnya.
Dalam lingkup Aceh, adanya variasi pemahaman dan praktek ibadah telah lama eksis dalam masyarakat dan bukan suatu hal yang aneh serta sesuatu yang perlu diributkan, karena ini memang warisan sejarah khazanah keilmuan Islam. Namun kita sangat menyayangkan, dalam beberapa tahun terakhir ini warisan sejarah tersebut sudah mulai dicemari oleh perilaku sebagian ummat Islam, di mana mereka dengan keangkuhannya merasa memiliki otoritas dalam pengamalan agama sehingga dengan begitu mudah melakukan klaim sesat atas kelompok lain yang berbeda. Hal ini disebabkan kurangnya pemahaman tentang fiqh ikhtifaf dan fiqh lintas mazhab (fiqh muqaaran)
Menyikapi kondisi di atas, Dewan Da’wah Islamiyah Indonesia Provinsi Aceh melakukan kajian Tinggi Syariat Islam berbagai mazhab guna mengkaji berbagai persoalan keislaman dari sumber aslinya (maraji’-nya), berupa karya para ulama klasik (turats) maupun kontemporer (mu’asshirah) dalam berbagai mazhab. Tujuan dari kajian ini yaitu untuk menghidupkan kembali tradisi keilmuan dan intelektual Islam yang pernah dicontohkan oleh para ulama terdahulu (salafusshaleh), menjalin ukhuwah, dan memberikan pemahaman serta sosialisasi syariat Islam secara kaffah. Kegiatan yang dikoordinir oleh Ustadz Muhammad Yusran Hadi Lc, MA, selaku ketua bidang da’wah dan pemberdayaan ummat di Dewan Da’wah Aceh ini, sudah berjalan selama sepuluh bulan sampai saat ini. Kajian dan diskusi ilmiah ini dilakukan pada setiap hari Sabtu Jam 16.30 sampai dengan 18.00 di Aula Sekretariat Dewan Da’wah Aceh Jl. T.Nyak Arief No.159 (Depan Mesjid Polda Aceh) Jeulingke. Pengajian ini terbuka untuk umum dan tidak dipungut biaya. Menariknya, kajian selama ini dihadiri oleh berbagai kalangan, baik dari akademisi, ormas Islam, LSM, imam/bilal masjid, remaja masjid, dan mahasiswa.
Adapun jadwal, topik dan pemateri serta kitab-kitab yang dikaji adalah; Sabtu Pertama, dengan topik Fiqhul Ikhtilaf, oleh : Tgk. M. Yusran Hadi, Lc, MA (Alumni Universitas Islam Madinah – Arab Saudi/Kandidat Doktor Ushul Fiqih UIA Malaysia) dengan referensi; Kitab Al-Ikhtilaf al-Fiqhi (Dr. Muhammad Syarif Musthafa) dan Kitab Atsar al-Ikhtilaf al-Ushuliyyin fi Ihktilaf al-Fuqaha (Dr. Musthafa al-Khin).
Sabtu Kedua, dengan topik Fiqhus Siyasah (Politik Islam), oleh : Drs. Tgk. H. Ghazali Abbas Adan (Alumni Fakultas Syari’ah IAIN Jakarta dan Mantan Anggota DPR-RI), dengan referensi; Kitab Haza ad-din Baina Jahli Abna-ihi wa Kaidi A’da-ihi (Syaikh Muhammad As-Sayyid Ahmad Al-Wakil), Kitab Al-Mausu’ah al-Muyassarah fi al-Adyaan wal mazaahib wal ahzaabii al-Mu’ashirah ( Dr. Mani bin Hammad Al-Juhaini), Kitab Al-Ibadatu fil Islam (Syaikh Yusuf Qardhawy) dan Kitab Nizham al-Islam; al-Hukmu wa Ad-daulatuhu (Syaikh Muhamad Al-Mubarak).
Sabtu Ketiga, dengan topik Aqidah, oleh : Tgk. Muhammad Thaib, Lc (Alumni Universitas Islam Madinah/Mudir Ma’had Ar-Rabwah Indrapuri) dengan referensi; Kitab Muqarrar Aqidah at-Tauhid (Syaikh Fauzan al-Fauzan).
Sabtu Keempat, dengan topik Hadits Ahkam, oleh : Ustadz Sulaiman, Lc. MA (Alumni Universitas Al-Azhar-Kairo) dengan referensi Kitab Subulus Salam (Syaikh Ashan’any), dan Kitab Naillul Authar (Syaikh Asy-Syaukani).
Dengan adanya kajian Islam dari berbagai bidang dan mazhab tersebut diharapkan akan memberikan keluasan dalam memahami dan mengamalkan Islam, sehingga etika berbeda pendapat yang pernah ada pada masa imam mazhab dan ukhuwah yang mereka bangun senantiasa dapat kita terapkan dalam zaman sekarang. Kalau ini mampu kita persepsikan dan aplikasikan dalam kehidupan nyata, maka klaim sesat yang tidak disertai argumentasi naqli maupun aqli, apalagi penggunaan kekerasan dan pemaksaan dalam pemahaman serta pengamalan ibadah perlahan-lahan akan hilang di bumi Aceh. Sehingga perbedaan pendapat ulama dalam masalah furu’iyyah dapat mendatangkan rahmat bagi ummat Islam, bukan sebaliknya menjadi bencana dan permusuhan.
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